karbala journal of pharmaceutical sciences

Diabetes mellitus is a serious complex chronic condition that is a major problem of health
worldwide. Recent studies focused on the ability of phenol compounds in the treatment of
diabetes mellitus and its complications. In the present study, phenol compounds of Solanum
melongena peels were extracted and diagnosed using HPLC, and the extract administrated to
alloxan induced diabetic rat. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of phenol
extracts of S. melongena peels on sugar, lipid and liver enzymes in alloxan induced diabetes
in rats. Serum glucose level, lipid profile, GOT and GPT enzymes were estimated and results
were statistically calculated by ANOVA and the differences were considered significant at p
value ≤0.05. Results showed that the administration of phenols extract decreased the glucose
level in the phenols administrated diabetic rat. Also phenols extract decreased cholesterol,
triglyceride and LDL level, and increased serum HDL level diabetic rat. The phenol
compounds also showed the ability to detoxify liver via lowering GOT and GPT enzymes in
phenols administrated diabetic rat.

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the major causes of mortality and
morbidity in the world. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play important role in the
pathogenesis in myocardial infarction. Cigarette smoke is a major exogenous source of free
radicals which is a heterogeneous aerosol consisting of more than 4000 compounds including high
concentrations of free radicals, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Total antioxidant capacity
(TAC) was studied in most cases in serum, and may be used as a marker of the body antioxidant
status. The recent applications of the TAC status in medical and nutritional studies as well as future
possible uses of TAC level as a biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and prevention of respiratory,
diabetes, heart and vascular system, chronic renal injury, neurological, cancer diseases.
Aim: Study the correlation between the total antioxidant capacity level with lipid profile changing
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted during the period from Nov. 2014 to Sep. ,
2015. Fifty eight patients presented with typical chest pain to the cardiac care unit in Al-Hussein
Teaching Hospital, Al-Hussein Medical City/ Kerbela Health Directorate and Department of
Biochemistry–College of Medicine / University of Kerbala. The diagnosis was based on the clinical
history, presentation confirmed by ECG and various investigations of cardiac biomarker. Thirty five
persons age – matched healthy volunteers were selected as a control group. The age, weight,
height, lipid profile, TAC were measured in sera of all subjects
Results: The results revealed that serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, VLDL-C and LDL-C were
significantly increased (P < 0.01) but serum HDL-C level was significant decreased (P < 0.01) in
non-smoker AMI patients as compared with that found in non-smoker controls, while serum TAC ,
BMI and age was non-significantly different between non-smoker patients and non-smoker healthy
control groups (p > 0.05). The results of smoking AMI show non-significant differences in levels of
total serum cholesterol, triglyceride, VLDL-C, LDL-C and a significantly decreased in serum HDLC
as compared with smoker control. On the other hand BMI was non-significantly different
between smoker patients and smoker healthy control groups (p > 0.05), while the results obtained
show that a significant decrease in TAC in smoker AMI patient group in comparison with smoker
normal control group (p < 0.05), and significant different age in smoker AMI patient group in
comparison with smoker normal control group (p < 0.05).