karbala journal of pharmaceutical sciences

Hepatotoxicity is an acute adverse effect of paracetamol overdose which could be fatal, so in
this research we studied the effect of paracetamol on liver enzymes (GPT, GOT, total protein,
glucose, bilirubin) of female rats that drenched Artichoke. twenty laboratory female rats housed in
plastic cages in animal house at university Karbala of / college of pharmacy , the animals divided
randomly into four groups ,(G1 control, G2 drenched with 500 mg/kg Artichoke and 500 mg/kg
paracetamol, G3 drenched with 500 mg/kg paracetamol ,G4 drenched with 500 mg/kg Artichoke ) ,
the present study found the ability of Artichoke to protect liver enzyme against the poisonous effect
of paracetamol by reducing the higher value of GPT,GOT, glucose, and evaluated the lower value
of bilirubin and total protein causing by paracetamol. Histopathological changes in liver were
greatly reduced on animals treated with artichoke and paracetamol when compared with the
paracetamol group .However, animals treated with paracetamol showed severe congestion in central
vein and there is inflammatory cell and degeneration in hepatocyte enlargement in sensoides and
necrosis and odema.

The experiment was done in the Animal House of -Department of Biology-College of Education for Pure Sciences -University of Karbala from 20/12/2013- 20/2/2014 ,The study involved the use of (32) Sprague-Dawley rats which were divided into two groups, the first group included 16 rats and this last group was divided to four groups the first three groups were injected intraperitonial injection by double concentration of hydrocortisone (1.5,3, 4.5) mg / kg and volume 1 milliliter from weight of the body for 30 days and the the fourth group was injected by normal Saline 0.9% in the same volumes that used ,The second included 16 rats and this last group was divided to four groups the first three groups were injected intraperitonial injection by double concentration of hydrocortisone (1.5,3, 4.5) mg / kg and volume 1 milliliter from weight of the body for 30 days and the fourth group was injected by normal Saline 0.9% as control in the same volumes that used they were injected for (60) days.
The results of the study confirmed the existence of significant increase (P ≤ 0.01, P ≤ 0.05) in the liver enzyme when injected intraperitonial injection by double concentration of hydrocortisone (1.5,3, 4.5) mg / kg and volume 1 milliliter from weight of the body ALT for 30, 60 day was showed (50.6± 5.92, 58.25 ± 10.24) U/L, (41.50 ± 2.8, 49.25± 1.89, 51 ± 2.44) U/L Respectively When we compared with the control group (32.5± 8.58, 34.25 ± 4.5) U/L Respectively the existence of significant increase (P ≤ 0.01, P ≤ 0.05) in the liver enzyme AST for 30, 60 day (121 ± 45.5, 150.5± 21.1),( 94.7± 18.5, 136.5± 12.4, 200.7 ± 44.9) U/L Respectively when we compared with the control group ( 93.5 ± 11.38, 85.5± 7.5) U/L Respectively the cross-section of liver tissue notice Infiltration of inflammatory cells Figure: (4),(5), Necrosis of hepatocytes Figures: (3),( 4), (5), (6),(7) , Congestion of blood Figures: (4),(5),(7) and appearance of fatty vesicles inside cytoplasm Figure: (4),(7) . When we observe the sections of liver tissue of rats during the two periods (30, 60) day .